Примечания
Примечания
Для всех важных данных, содержащихся в этой книге, мы привели ссылку на научный источник (или научные источники), откуда мы их почерпнули.
Вы сможете без труда найти оригиналы документов, на основе которых мы написали эту книгу.
Мы часто использовали доклад Всемирного фонда исследования рака (WCRF) «Пища, питание, физическая активность и профилактика рака в глобальной перспективе» (World Research Cancer Fund (WCRF) appel? Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective) (2007).
Каждый раз, когда мы не соглашались с его выводами (это было в редких случаях), мы это указывали. Нам была очень полезна информация, предоставленная Французским агентством по санитарной безопасности продуктов питания (AFSSA). Эта организация замечательно работает, обеспечивая качество продуктов, которые мы едим.
Значительную помощь мы получили от Генеральной дирекции по конкуренции, потреблению и борьбе со злоупотреблениями (DGCCRF), Генеральной дирекции здравоохранения (DGS), департаментального управления по санитарным и социальным вопросам (DDASS) и Французского национального института по надзору за общественным здоровьем (InVs).
Сайты этих организаций представляют большой интерес и бывают полны релевантной информации.
Мы очень часто для наглядности приводили округленные количественные данные, чтобы не затруднять ваше восприятие, вынуждая читать знаки после запятой.
Глава 1
Рак: выбор профилактики
{1} Curado M. P., Edwards B., Shin H. R., Storm H., Ferlay M., Boyle P. (?ds), Cancer Incidence in Five Continents, vol. IX, IARC Scientific Publication, n° 160.
{2} Ibid.
{3} Ibid.
{4} InVs, Bulletin ?pid?miologique hebdomadaire de l’InVS, 27 novembre 2007, n° 46–47. Disponible sur: http://www.invs.sante.fr/beh/2007/ 46_47/index.htm (consult? le 29 mars 2010).
{5} InVs, Projections de l’incidence et de la mortalit? par cancer en France, 2009. Disponible sur: http://www.invs.sante.fr/applications/ cancers/projections2009/donnees_generales.htm (consult? le 29 mars 2010).
{6} INCA, Analyse ?conomique des co?ts du cancer en France, 2007. Disponible sur: http://www.e-cancer.fr/l-institut-national-du-cancer/ publications-de-l-inca/rap-ports-et-expertises/sante-publique (consult? le 29 mars 2010).
{7} Ibid.
{8} Curado M. P., Edwards B., Shin H. R., Storm H., Ferlay M., Boyle P. (?ds), Cancer Incidence in Five Continents, op. cit.
{9} Vani Y. A., Schneider S. M., «Alimentation et cancer: quelles ?vidences, quelles recommandations?», Oncologie, 2009, 11, p. 191–199.
{10} Acad?mie des sciences, Les Causes du cancer en France. Disponible sur: http://www.academie-sciences.fr/publications/rapports/pdf/ cancer_13_09_07.pdf (consult? le 29 mars 2010).
{11} Khayat D., Les Chemins de l’espoir, Paris, Odile Jacob, 2003.
{12} Milner J. A., «Nutrition and cancer: Essential elements for a roadmap», Cancer Letters, 269, p. 189–198.
{13} Jauzein F., Cros N., Diff?rents Types d’?tudes ?pid?miologiques, 2005. Disponible sur: http://acces.inrp.fr/acces/ressources/sante/epidemiologie/ niveau_-preuve/types_etudes_epidem (consult? le 29 mars 2010).
{14} Milner J. A., «Nutrition and cancer: Essential elements for a roadmap», op. cit.
Глава 2
Что такое рак?
{1} World Cancer research Fund, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective, Washington (DC), AICR, 2007.
{2} Ibid.
{3} Lampe J. W., «Diet, genetic polymorphism, detoxification, and health risk», Altern. Ther Health Med, 2007, 13 p. S. 108–111.
{4} World Cancer Research Fund, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective, op. cit.
{5} Ibid.
Глава 3
Рыба: здоровая пища или опасность?
{1} Liperoti R., Landi F., Fusco O., Bernabei R., Onder G., «Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and depression: A review of the evidence», Curr. Pharm. Des., 2009, 15 (36), p. 4165–4172.
{2} AFSSA, Gras ou pas gras mon poisson? 2009. Disponible sur: http://www.afssa.fr/Poisson/Documents/AFSSA-Fi-Poisson-F9.pdf (consult? le 29 mars 2010).
{3} Fondation Nicolas Hulot pour la Nature et l’Homme, Quels poissons consommer? 2008. Fiche consommateur D?fi pour la Terre, p. 1–5. Disponible sur: www.defipourlaterre.org/outiIs/dwnIoadOutils. php?id=45 (consult? le 08 mars 2010).
{4} World Cancer Research Fund, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective, op. cit.
{5} Leblanc J.-C. (?d.), Etude Calipso. Consommations alimentaires de poissons et produits de la mer et impr?gnation aux ?l?ments traces, polluants et om?ga-3, AFSSA-Inra, 2006.
{6} WHO-ICPS, Environmental Health Criteria 101, methylmercury. Geneva: International Programme on Chemical Safety, 1990. Disponible sur: http://www.inchem.org/documents/ehc/ehc/ehc101.htm (consult? le 08 mars 2010).
{7} Direction g?n?rale de la sant?, Etude sur la teneur en m?taux dans l’alimentation, Paris, La Diagonale des m?taux, 1992.
{8} Centre international de recherche sur le cancer, Evaluations globales de la canc?rog?nicit? pour l’homme. Disponible sur: http:// monographs.iarc.fr/FR/Classification/crthall.php (consult? le 07 mars 2010).
{9} Leblanc J.-C. (?d.), Etude Calipso, op. cit.
{10} Ibid.
{11} CIRC, Evaluation globale de la canc?rog?nicit? pour l’Homme, 2009. Disponible sur: http://monographs.iarc.fr/FR/Classification/crthall.php (consult? le 29 mars 2010).
{12} Leblanc J.-C. (?d.), Etude Calipso, op. cit.
{13} Ibid.
{14} OMS, Les Dioxines et leurs effets sur la sant?, 2007. Disponible sur: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs225/fr/index.html (consult? le 08 mars 2010).
{15} Kaushik S., «Les dioxines et les PCB chez le poisson», Dossier de l’environnement de l’INRA, n° 26, p. 102–107.
{16} OMS, Les Dioxines et leurs effets sur la sant?, op. cit.
{17} EFSA, Avis du groupe scientifique sur les contaminants de la cha?ne alimentaire relative ? l’?valuation de la s?curit? du poisson sauvage et d’?levage, 2005. Disponible sur: http://www.efsa.europa.eu/EFSA/efsa_lo cale-1178620753816_1178620762697.htm (consult? le 08 mars 2010).
{18} AFSSA, Avis de l’Agence fran?aise de s?curit? sanitaire des aliments relatif ? l’?tablissement de teneurs maximales pertinentes en polychlorobiph?nyles qui ne sont pas de type dioxine (PCB «non dioxin-like», PCB-NDL) dans divers aliments, 2007, saisine n° 2006-SA-0305.
{19} Lyon S., PCB Pollution in Alabama. Disponible sur: http://www. commonweal.org/programs/brc/ppt-presentations/Anniston_AL_PCB. pdf (consult? le 29 mars 2010).
{20} Ribeira D., Loock T., Soler P., Narbonne J.-F., «Mise en ?vidence d’effets ? long terme lors d’expositions courtes (accidentelles). Perspectives m?thodologiques pour les ?valuations des risques», Etude Record, 2006–2007, n° 06 – 0665/1A.
{21} Centre international de recherche sur le cancer, Evaluations globales de la canc?rog?nicit? pour l’homme, op. cit.
{22} Howsam M., Grimalt J. O., Guino E., Navarro M., Marti-Ragu?J., Peinado M. A., Capell? G., Moreno V., «Organochlorine exposure and colorectal cancer risk», Environ Health Perspect., 2004, 112 (15), p. 1460–1466.
{23} Hordell L., Calberg M., Hardell K., Bjornfoth H., Wickbom G., Ionescu M., «Decreased survival in pancreatic cancer patients with high concentrations of organochlorines in adipose tissue», Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 2007, 61 (10), p. 659–664.
{24} ASEF-WWF, Impr?gnation aux PCB des riverains du Rh?ne, mai 2008. Disponible sur: http://www.asef-asso.fr/index.php?option=com_ content &view = article & id = 10: letude & catid = 4: etude-sur-les-pcb & Itemid = 56 (consult? le 08 mars 2010).
{25} Leblanc J.-C. (?d.), Etude Calipso, op. cit.
{26} AFSSA, «Le poisson sous haute surveillance», ? propos. Le magazine d’information de l’Agence fran?aise de s?curit? sanitaire des aliments, 2008, 23, p. 2–6. Disponible sur: http://www.afssa.fr/Documents/APR-mg-aPropos23.pdf (consult? le 08 mars 2010).
{27} Ibid.
{28} Leblanc J.-C. (?d.), Etude Calipso, op. cit.
{29} Ibid.
{30} AFSSA, Consommation de poisson et m?thylmercure, communiqu? de presse du 25 juillet 2006. Disponible sur: http://www.afssa.fr/ Documents/PRES2006CP013.pdf (consult? le 8 mars 2010).
{31} Hites R. A., Foran J. A., Carpenter D. O., Hamilton C. M., Knuth B. A., Schwager S. J., «Global assessment of organic contaminants in farmed salmon», Science, 2004, 303 (5655), p. 226–229.
{32} AFSSA, communiqu? de presse de L’AFSSA suite ? la publication d’une ?tude sur L’Analyse globale des contaminants chimiques dans le saumon d’?levage, 9 janvier 2004. Disponible sur: http://agriculture.gouv. fr/sections/presse/communiques/communique-de-presse-de-l-afssa-suite-a-la-publication-d-une-etude-sur-l-analyse-globale-des-contaminants-chimiques-dans-le (consult? le 8 mars 2010).
{33} WHO, PCBs and Dioxins in Salmon. Organochlorine Contamination of Salmon, 2004. Disponible sur: http://www.who.int/foodsafety/chem/ pcbsal-mon/en/print.html (consult? le 8 mars 2010).
{34} EFSA, Avis du groupe scientifique sur les contaminants de la cha?ne alimentaire, op. cit.
{35} Kaushik S., «Les dioxines et les PCB chez le poisson», op. cit.
{36} AFSSA, «Le poisson sous haute surveillance», op. cit.
{37} Leblanc J.-C. (?d.), Etude Calipso, op. cit.
Глава 4
Мясо: хватит его демонизировать
{1} CIV, Niveau de consommation de viande en France. Disponible sur: http://www.civ-viande.org/4—139-nutrition-niveau-de-consommation-de-viande-en-france.html (consult? le 20 mars 2010).
{2} World Cancer Research Fund, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective, op. cit.
{3} Ibid.
{4} Ibid.
{5} Willett W. C., Stampfer M. J., Colditz G. A., Rosner B. A., Speizer F. E., «Relation of meat, fat, and fiber intake to the risk of colon cancer in a prospective Study among women», N. Engl. J. Med, 1990, 323 (24), p. 1664–1672.
{6} Wei E. K., Giovannucci E., Wu K., Rosner B., Fuchs C. S., Willett W. C., Colditz G. A., «Comparison of risk factors for colon and rectal cancer», Int. J. Cancer, 2004, 108 (3), p. 433–442.
{7} Ibid.
{8} Goldbohm R. A., Van den Brandt P. A., Van’t Veer P., Brants H. A., Dorant E., Sturmans F., Hermus R. J., «A prospective cohort Study on the relation between meat consumption and the risk of colon cancer», Cancer Res, 1994, 54 (3), p. 718–723.
{9} Knekt P., Steineck G., Jarvinen R., Hakulinen T., Aromaa A., «Intake of fried meat and risk of cancer: A follow-up Study in Finland», Int. J. Cancer, 1994, 59 (6), p. 756–760.
{10} Gaard M., Tretli S., Loken E. B., «Dietary factors and risk of colon cancer: A prospective Study of 50,535 young Norwegian men and women», Eur. J. Cancer Prev., 1996, 5 (6), p. 445–454.
{11} Norat T., Bingham S., Ferrari P., Slimani N., Jenab M., Mazuir M., Overvad K., Olsen A., Tjonneland A., Clavel F., Boutron-Ruault M. C., Kesse E., Boeing H., Bergmann M. M., Nieters A., Linseisen J., Trichopoulou A., Trichopoulos D., Tountas Y., Berrino F., Palli D., Panico S., Tumino R., Vineis P., Bueno-de-Mesquita H. B., Peeters P. H., Engeset D., Lund E., Skeie G., Ardanaz E., Gonzalez C., Navarro C., Quiros J. R., Sanchez M. J., Berglund G., Mattisson I., Hallmans G., Palmqvist R., Day N. E., Khaw K. T., Key T. J., San Joaquin M., H?mon B., Saracci R., Kaaks R., Riboli E., «Meat, fish, and colorectal cancer risk: The European Prospective Investigation into cancer and nutrition», J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 2005, 97 (12), p. 906–916.
{12} Truswell A. S., «Meat consumption and cancer of the large bowel», Eur. J. Clin. Nutr., 2002, 56, suppl. 1, p. 19–24.
{13} Larsson S. C., Wolk A., «Meat consumption and risk of colorectal cancer: A meta-analysis of prospective studies», Int. J. Cancer, 2006, 119 (11), p. 2657–2664.
{14} Ibid.
{15} Ibid.
{16} Gaard M., Tretli S., Loken E. B., «Dietary factors and risk of colon cancer: A prospective Study of 50,535 young Norwegian men and women», op. cit.
{17} AFSSA, «Table CIQUAL 2008», Composition nutritionnelle des aliments. Disponible sur: http://www.afssa.fr/TableCIQUAL/(consult? le 20 mars 2010).
{18} USDA, National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference. Disponible sur: http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp/search/ (consult? le 20 mars 2010).
{19} AFSSA, «Table CIQUAL 2008», op. cit.
{20} USDA, National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, op. cit.
{21} CIV, Niveau de consommation de viande en France, op. cit.
{22} USDA, Profiling Food Consumption in America, 2002. Disponible sur: http://www.usda.gov/factbook/chapter2.htm (consult? le 20 mars 2010).
{23} AFSSA, «Table CIQUAL 2008», op. cit.
{24} USDA, National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, op. cit.
{25} AFSSA, Etude individuelle nationale des consommations alimentaires 2 (INCA 2) 2006–2007, 2009. Disponible sur: http://www.afssa.fr/ Documents/PASER-Ra-INCA2.pdf (consult? le 15 mars 2010).
{26} USDA, USDA Economis Research Service. Disponible sur: http:// www.ers.usda.gov/Browse/view.aspx?subject=AnimalProducts (consult? le 29 mars 2010).
{27} CIV, Niveau de consommation de viande en France, op. cit.
{28} Cross A. J., Pollock J. R. A., Bingham S. A., «Haem, not protein or inorganic iron, is responsible for endogenous intestinal N-nitrosation arising from red meat», Cancer Research, 2003, 63, p. 2358–2360.
{29} Nelson R. L., «Iron and colorectal cancer risk: Human studies», Nutr. Rev., 2001, 59 (5), p. 140–148.
{30} Vano Y.-A., Rodrigues M.-J., Schneider S.-M., «Lien ?pid?miologique entre comportement alimentaire et cancer: exemple du cancer colorectal», Bulletin du cancer, 2009, 96 (6), p. 647–658.
{31} Lipkin M., «Biomarkers of increased susceptibility to gastrointestinal cancer: New application to studies of cancer prevention in human subjects», Cancer Res., 1988, 48 (2), p. 235–245.
{32} Sesink A. L., Termont D. S., Kleibeuker J. H., Van der Meer R., «Red meat and colon cancer: The cytotoxic and hyperproliferative effects of dietary heme», Cancer Res., 1999, 59 (22), p. 5704–5709.
{33} Sesink A. L., Termont D. S., Kleibeuker J. H., Van der Meer R., «Red meat and colon cancer: Dietary haem-induced colonic cytotoxicity and epithelial hyperproliferation are inhibited by calcium», Carcinogenesis, 2001, 22 (10), p. 1653–1659.
{34} Larsson S. C., Wolk A., «Meat consumption and risk of colorectal cancer: A meta-analysis of prospective studies», op. cit.
{35} World Cancer research Fund, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective, op. cit.
{36} Ibid.
Глава 5
Молочные продукты и яйца: применимы ли они для профилактики?
{1} Wollowski I., Rechkemmer G., Pool-Zobel B. L., «Protective role of probiotics and prebiotics in colon cancer», Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 2001, 73 (2), suppl., p. 451S—455S.
{2} Lomer M. C., Parkes G. C., Sanderson J. D., «Review article: Lactose intolerance in clinical practice – myths and realities», Aliment Pharmacol. Ther., 2008, 27, p. 93—103.
{3} Liong M. T., «Roles of probiotics and prebiotics in colon cancer prevention: Postulated mechanisms and in vivo evidence», Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2008, 9 (5), p. 854–863.
{4} Ibid.
{5} Wollowski I., Rechkemmer G., Pool-Zobel B. L., «Protective role of probiotics and prebiotics in colon cancer», op. cit.
{6} Ibid.
{7} Ibid.
{8} Lomer M. C., Parkes G. C., Sanderson J. D., «Review article: Lactose intolerance in clinical practice – myths and realities», op. cit.
{9} Lomer M. C., Parkes G. C., Sanderson J. D., «Review article: Lactose intolerance in clinical practice – myths and realities», op. cit.
{10} Teneur en lactose de diff?rents aliments. Disponible sur: http://www. sans-lactose.com/pg, teneur-en-lactose-de-differents-aliments, teneur, 0,1. jsp (consult? le 29 mars 2010).
{11} Ibid.
{12} Swagerty D. L. Jr, Walling A. D., Klein R. M., «Lactose intolerance», Am. Fam. Physician, 2002, 65 (9), p. 1845–1850.
{13} Ibid.
{14} Torniainen S., Hedelin M., Autio V., Rasinper? H., B?lter K. A., Klint A., Bellocco R., Wiklund F., Stattin P., Ikonen T., Tammela T. L., Schleutker J., Gronberg H., J?rvel? I., «Lactase persistence, dietary intake of milk, and the risk for prostate cancer in Sweden and Finland», Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev., 2007, 16 (5), p. 956–961.
{15} Chan J. M., Jou R. M., Caroll P. R., «The relative impact and future burden of prostate cancer in the United States», J. Urol., 2004, 172, p. S13—16; discussion S17.
{16} Ahn J., Albanes D., Peters U., Schatzkin A., Lim U., Freedman M., Chatterjee N., Andriole G. L., Leitzmann M. F., Hayes R. B., «Dairy products, calcium intake, and risk of prostate cancer in the prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian cancer screening trial», Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev, 2007, 16 (12), p. 2623–2630.
{17} AFSSA, «Table CIQUAL 2008», op. cit.
{18} Kesse E., Boutron-Ruault M. C., Norat T., Riboli E., Clavel-Chapelon F., «Dietary calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D, dairy products and the risk of colorectal adenoma and cancer among French women of the E3N-EPIC prospective Study», Int. J. Cancer, 2005, 117 (1), p. 137–144.
{19} Huncharek M., Muscat J., Kupelnick B., «Colorectal cancer risk and dietary intake of calcium, vitamin D, and dairy products: A meta-analysis of 26,335 cases from 60 observational studies», Nutr. Cancer, 2009, 61 (1), p. 47–69.
{20} Szilagyi A., Nathwani U., Vinokuroff C., Correa J. A., Shrier I., «Evaluation of relationships among national colorectal cancer mortality rates, genetic lactase non-persistence status, and per capita yearly milk and milk product consumption», Nutrition and Cancer, 2006, 55 (2), p. 151–156.
{21} Wollowski I., Rechkemmer G., Pool-Zobel B. L., «Protective role of probiotics and prebiotics in colon cancer», op. cit.
{22} World Cancer research Fund, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective, op. cit.
Глава 6
Фрукты и овощи полезны, но уверенности в этом нет
{1} PNNS, Fruits et l?gumes. Au moins 5 par jour. Disponible sur: http://www.mangerbouger.fr/menu-secondaire/manger-mieux-c-est-possible/les-9-reperes-essentiels/fruits-et-legumes-au-moins-5-par-jour. html (consult? le 19 mars 2010).
{2} World Cancer research Fund, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective, op. cit.
{3} Leverve W., Stress oxydant et antioxydants, 49e JAND, 2009. Disponible sur: http://www.jand.fr/opencms/export/sites/jand/data/ documents/Xavier_LEVERVE. pdf (consult? le 23 mars 2010).
{4} Fernandez-Panchon M. S., Villano D., Troncoso A. M., Garcia-Parrilla M. C., «Antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds: from in vitro results to in vivo evidence», Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr., 2008, 48 (7), p. 649–671.
{5} Roussel A. M., Qui manque d’antioxydants et comment le savoir? 49e JAND, 2009. Disponible sur: http://www.jand.fr/opencms/export/ sites/jand/data/documents/ROUSSEL.pdf (consult? le 23 mars 2010).
{6} EUFIC, La Couleur des fruits et l?gumes et la sant?. Disponible sur: http://www.eufic.org/article/fr/rid/la-coleur-des-fruits-legumes-et-sante (consult? le 20 mars 2010).
{7} Ibid.
{8} World Cancer Research Fund, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective, op. cit.
{9} EUFIC, La Couleur des fruits et l?gumes et la sant?, op. cit.
{10} Aprifel, Fiche par produit. Chou-vert. Disponible sur: http://www. aprifel.com/fiches, produits.php? p = 94 (consult? le 25 mars 2010).
{11} EUFIC, La Couleur des fruits et l?gumes et la sant?, op. cit.
{12} Larsson S. C., Hakansson N., Naslund I., Bergkvist L., Wolk A., «Fruit and vegetable consumption in relation to pancreatic cancer risk: A prospective study», Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., 2006, 15 (2), p. 301–305.
{13} EUFIC, La Couleur des fruits et l?gumes et la sant?, op. cit.
{14} Oaks B. M., Dodd K. W., Meinhold C. L., Jiao L., Church T. R., Stolzenberg-Solomon R. Z., «Folate intake, post-folic acid grain fortification, and pancreatic cancer risk in the prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian cancer screening trial», Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 2010, 91 (2), p. 449–455.
{15} Balder H. F., Vogel J., Jansen M. C., Weijenberg M. P., Van den Brandt P. A., Westenbrink S., Van der Meer R., Goldbohm R. A., «Heme and chlorophyll intake and risk of colorectal cancer in the Netherlands cohort study», Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev, 2006, 15 (4), p. 717–725.
{16} Vogel J. de, Jonker-Termont D. S., Van Lieshout E. M., Katan M. B., Van der Meer R., «Green vegetables, red meat and colon cancer: Chlorophyll prevents the cytotoxic and hyperproliferative effects of haem in rat colon», Carcinogenesis, 2005, 26 (2), p. 387–393.
{17} Daswood R. H., «Chlorophylls as anticarcinogens», International Journal of Oncology, 1997, 10 (4), p. 721–727.
{18} EUFIC, La Couleur des fruits et l?gumes et la sant?, op. cit.
{19} Ibid.
{20} World Cancer Research Fund, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective, op. cit.
{21} Ibid.
{22} Abu J., Batuwangala M., Herbert K., Symonds P., «Retinoic acid and retinoid receptors: potential chemopreventive and therapeutic role in cervical cancer», Lancet Oncol., 2005, 6 (9), p. 712–720.
{23} EUFIC, La Couleur des fruits et l?gumes et la sant?, op. cit.
{24} Ibid.
{25} World Cancer Research Fund, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective, op. cit.
{26} EUFIC, La Couleur des fruits et l?gumes et la sant?, op. cit.
{27} Ibid.
{28} World Cancer Research Fund, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective, op. cit.
{29} Ibid.
{30} Ibid.
{31} EUFIC, La Couleur des fruits et l?gumes et la sant?, op. cit.
{32} Seeram N.P., Adams L. S., Zhang Y., Lee R., Sand D., Scheuller H. S., Heber D., «Blackberry, black raspberry, blueberry, cranberry, red raspberry, and strawberry extracts inhibit growth and stimulate apoptosis of human cancer cells in vitro», J. Agric. Food Chem., 2006, 54 (25), p. 9329–9339.
{33} Mittal A., Elmets C. A., Katiyar S. K., «Dietary feeding of proanthocyanidins from grape seeds prevents photocarcinogenesis in SKH-1 hairless mice: Relationship to decreased fat and lipid peroxidation», Carcinogenesis, 2003, 24 (8), p. 1379–1388.
{34} Yi W., Fischer J., Krewer G., Akoh C. C., «Phenolic compounds from blueberries can inhibit colon cancer cell proliferation and induce apoptosis», J. Agric. Food Chem, 2005, 53 (18), p. 7320–7329.
{35} Yun J. M., Afaq F., Khan N., Mukhtar H., «Delphinidin, an anthocyanidin in pigmented fruits and vegetables, induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human colon cancer HCT116 cells», Mol. Carcinog., 2009, 48 (3), p. 260–270.
{36} Afaq F., Zaman N., Khan N., Syed D. N., Sarfaraz S., Zaid M. A., Mukhtar H., «Inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway by delphinidin, an anthocyanidin in pigmented fruits and vegetables», Int. J. Cancer, 2008, 123 (7), p. 1508–1515.
{37} EUFIC, La Couleur des fruits et l?gumes et la sant?, op. cit.
{38} Ibid.
{39} Lin Y., Shi R., Wang X., Shen H. M., «Luteolin, a flavonoid with potential for cancer prevention and therapy», Curr. Cancer Drug Targets, 2008, 8 (7), p. 634–646.
{40} Ibid.
{41} Zhou Q., Yan B., Hu X., Li X. B., Zhang J., Fang J., «Luteolin inhibits invasion of prostate cancer PC3 cells through E-cadherin», Mol. Cancer Ther., 2009, 8 (6), p. 1684–1691.
{42} Butler L. M., Wu A. H., Wang R., Koh W. P., Yuan J. M., Yu M. C., «A vegetable-fruit-soy dietary pattern protects against breast cancer among post-menopausal Singapore Chinese women», Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 2010, 91 (4), p. 1013–1019.
{43} Armstrong B., Doll R., «Environmental factors and cancer incidence and mortality in different countries, with special reference to dietary practices», Int. J. Cancer, 1975, 15, p. 617–631.
{44} FAO, INPhO: Compendium Chapter19 Soybeans 1.6 Consumer Preferences, 2007. Disponible sur: http://www.fao.org/inpho/content/ compend/text/Ch19sec1_6.htm (consult? le 24 mars 2010).
{45} Yan L., Spitznagel E. L., Bosland M. C., «Soy consumption and colorectal cancer risk in humans: A meta-analysis», Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev, 2010, 19 (1), p. 148–158.
{46} Nagata C., Takatsuka N., Kawakami N., Shimizu H., «A prospective cohort study of soy product intake and stomach cancer death», Br. J. Cancer, 2002, 87 (1), p. 31–36.
{47} Jacobsen B. K., Knutsen S. F., Fraser G. E., «Does high soy milk intake reduce prostate cancer incidence? The Adventist Health Study (United States)», Cancer Causes Control., 1998, 9 (6), p. 553–557.
{48} Kim H. Y., Yu R., Kim J. S., Kim Y. K., Sung M. K., «Antiproliferative crude soy saponin extract modulates the expression of Ikappa Balpha, protein kinase C, and cyclooxygenase-2 in human colon cancer cells», Cancer Lett., 2004, 210 (1), p. 1–6.
{49} Buteau-Lozano H., Velasco G., Cristofari M., Balaguer P., Perrot-Applanat M., «Xenoestrogens modulate vascular endothelial growth factor secretion in breast cancer cells through an estrogen receptor-dependent mechanism», J. Endocrinol., 2008, 196 (2), p. 399–412.
{50} World Cancer Research Fund, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective, op. cit.
{51} Aviello G., Abenavoli L., Borrelli F., Capasso R., Izzo A. A., Lembo F., Romano B., Capasso F., «Garlic: Empiricism or science?», Nat. Prod. Commun, 2009, 4 (12), p. 1785–1796.
{52} World Cancer Research Fund, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective, op. cit.
{53} Ibid.
{54} Ibid.
{55} Sant? Canada, Le nitrate et le nitrite, 1987. Disponible sur: http:// www.hcsc.gc.ca/ewh-semt/pubs/water-eau/nitrate_nitrite/index-fra.php (consult? le 25 mars 2010).
{56} Soci?t? canadienne du cancer, Concentrations de r?sidus de pesticides dans les aliments, 2009. Disponible sur: http://www.cancer.ca/ canada-wide/prevention/specific%20environmental%20contaminants/ pesticides/pesticides%20on%20vegetables%20and%20fruit/levels%20of% 20pesticide%20residues%20in%20food.aspx?sc_lang=fr-ca (consult? le 24 mars 2010).
{57} EWG, People Can Reduce Pesticide Exposure by 80 Percent Through Smart Shopping and Using the Guide, 2009. Disponible sur: http://www. ewg.org/newsrelease/EWG-New-Pesticide-Shoppers-Guide (consult? le 25 mars 2010).
{58} Minist?re de l’?conomie, des Finances et de l’Industrie. Synth?se des r?sultats des plans de surveillance et de contr?le des r?sidus de pesticides dans les denr?es d’origine v?g?tale. Donn?es 2004. Annexe 2. Plan de surveillance fruits et l?gumes: pr?sentation d?taill?e des r?sultats.
{59} DGCCRF, Surveillance et contr?le des r?sidus de pesticides dans les produits d’origine v?g?tale en 2007, 2009. Disponible sur: http://www. dgccrf.bercy.gouv.fr/actualites/breves/2009/brv0109_pesticides.htm (consult? le 24 mars 2010).
{60} Ibid.
{61} Soci?t? canadienne du cancer, Concentrations de r?sidus de pesticides dans les aliments, op. cit.
Глава 7
Жиры и способы кулинарной обработки продуктов
{1} Shields P. G., Xu G. X., Blot W. J., Fraumeni J. F. Jr, Trivers G. E., Pellizzari E. D., Qu Y. H., Gao Y. T., Harris C. C., «Mutagens from heated Chinese and US cooking oils», J. Natl. Cancer. Inst., 1995, 87 (11), p. 836–841.
{2} Yu I. T., Chiu Y. L., Au J. S., Wong T. W., Tang J. L., «Doseresponse relationship between cooking fumes exposures and lung cancer among Chinese nonsmoking women», Cancer Res., 2006, 66 (9), p. 4961–4967.
{3} PNNS, Mati?res grasses: ? limiter. Bien les choisir pour vraiment en profiter. Disponible sur: http://www.mangerbouger.fr/menu-secondaire/ manger-mieux-c-est-possible/les-9-reperes-essentiels/matieres-grasses-a-limi-ter.html (consult? le 19 mars 2010).
{4} AFSSA, «Table CIQUAL 2008», op. cit.
{5} PNNS, Mati?res grasses: ? limiter, op. it.
{6} AFSSA, «Table CIQUAL 2008», op. cit.
{7} World Cancer Research Fund, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective, op. cit.
{8} Ibid.
{9} Thi?baut A., Chaj?s V., Clavel F., Gerber M., «Apport en acides gras insatur?s et risque de cancer du sein: revue des ?tudes ?pid?miologiques», Bulletin du cancer, 2005, 92 (7–8), p. 658–669.
{10} Pouyat-Lecl?re J., Birlouez I., Cuisson et Sant?. Guide des bonnes pratiques de cuisson pour une alimentation plus saine, Alpen, 2005.
{11} MacLean C. H., Newberry S. J., Mojica W. A., Khanna P., Issa A. M., Suttorp M. J., Lim Y. W., Traina S. B., Hilton L., Garland R., Morton S. C., «Effects of omega-3 fatty acids on cancer risk: A systematic review», JAMA, 2006, 295 (4), p. 403–415.
{12} Sanchez-Muniz F. J., «Oils and fats: Changes due to culinary and industrial processes», Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res., 2006, 76 (4), p. 230–237.
{13} Warner K., «Impact of high-temperature food processing on fats and oils», Adv. Exp. Med. Biol, 1999, 459, p. 67–77.
{14} Centre international de recherche sur le cancer, Evaluations globales de la canc?rog?nicit? pour l’homme, Disponible sur: http:// monographs.iarc.fr/FR/Classification/crthall.php (consult? le 07 mars 2010).
{15} DGCCRF, Qualit? des huiles de friture, 2001. Disponible sur: http://www.dgccrf.bercy.gouv.fr/fonds_documentaire/dgccrf/04_ dossiers/consommation/controles_alimentaires/actions/friture0902.htm (consult? le 19 mars 2010).
{16} The Culinary Institute of America, The New Professional Chef, John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
{17} Shields P. G., Xu G. X., Blot W. J., Fraumeni J. F. Jr, Trivers G. E., Pellizzari E. D., Qu Y. H., Gao Y. T., Harris C. C., «Mutagens from heated Chinese and US cooking oils», J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 1995, 87 (11), p. 836–841.
{18} Lee C. H., Yang S. F., Peng C. Y., Li R. N., Chen Y. C., Chan T. F., Tsai E. M., Kuo F. C., Huang J. J., Tsai H. T., Hung Y. H., Huang H. L., Tsai S., Wu M. T., «The precancerous effect of emitted cooking oil fumes on precursor lesions of cervical cancer», Int. J. Cancer, 9 d?cembre 2009, epub.
{19} Metayer C., Wang Z., Kleinerman R. A., Wang L., Brenner A. V., Cui H., Cao J., Lubin J. H., «Cooking oil fumes and risk of lung cancer in women in rural Gansu, China», Lung Cancer, 2002, 35 (2), p. 111–117.
{20} Ibid.
{21} Lin S. Y., Tsai S. J., Wang L. H., Wu M. F., Lee H., «Protection by quercetin against cooking oil fumes-induced DNA damage in human lung adenocarcinoma CL-3 cells: Role of COX-2», Nutr. Cancer, 2002, 44 (1), p. 95—101.
{22} Centre international de recherche sur le cancer, Evaluations globales de la canc?rog?nicit? pour l’homme, op. cit.
{23} AFSSA, Acrylamide: point d’information n° 2, 2003. Disponible sur: http://www.afssa.fr/Documents/RCCP2002sa0300.pdf (consult? le 19 mars 2010).
{24} Health Canada, Acrylamide levels in selected Canadian foods, 2009. Disponible sur: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fn-an/securit/chem-chim/food-aliment/acrylamide/acrylamide_level-acrylamide_niveau-eng.php (consult? le 19 mars 2010).
{25} EFSA, Acrylamide, 2010. Disponible sur: http://www.efsa.europa. eu/fr/contamtopics/topic/acrylamide.htm (consult? le 19 mars 2010).
{26} Mottram D. S., Wedzicha B. L., Dodson A. T., «Acrylamide is formed in the Maillard reaction», Nature, 2002, 419 (6906), p. 448–449.
{27} AFSSA, Acrylamide: point d’information n° 2, op. cit.
{28} Ibid.
{29} Ibid.
{30} Lin S. Y., Tsai S. J., Wang L. H., Wu M. F., Lee H., «Protection by quercetin against cooking oil fumes-induced DNA damage in human lung adenocarcinoma CL-3 cells: Role of COX-2», op. cit.
{31} AFSSA, Acrylamide: point d’information n° 2, op. cit.
{32} Ibid.
{33} AFSSA, La Cuisson au barbecue. Disponible sur: http://www.afssa. fr/index.htm (consult? le 19 mars 2010).
{34} AFSSA, Etude individuelle nationale des consommations alimentaires 2 (INCA 2) 2006–2007, 2009. Disponible sur: http://www.afssa.fr/ Documents/PASER-Ra-INCA2.pdf (consult? le 15 mars 2010).
Глава 8
Сахар и сладости: не отказывайтесь от них полностью!
{1} N’Diaye C. (sld), La Gourmandise. D?lices d’un p?ch?, Paris, Autrement, «Mutations/Mangeurs», n° 140, 1993.
{2} Guy-Grand B., «Les sucres dans l’alimentation: de quoi parle-ton?», Cah. Nutr. Di?t., 2008, hors-s?rie 2.
{3} World Cancer Research Fund, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective, op. cit.
{4} AFSSA, «Table CIQUAL 2008», op. cit.
{5} Cezard J. P., Forgue-Lafitte M. E., Chamblier M. C., Rosselin G. E., «Growth promoting effet, biological activity, and binding of insulin in human intestinal cancer cells in culture», Cancer Research, 1981, 41 (3), p. 1148–1153.
{6} Mauro L. M., Morelli C., Boterberg T., Bracke M. E., Surmacz E., «Role of the IGF1 receptor in the regulation of cell-cell adhesion: Implications in cancer development and progression», Journal of Cellular Physiology, 2003, 194 (2), p. 108–116.
{7} Plymate S. R., Jones R. E., Matej L. A., Friedl K. E., «Regulation of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) production in Hep G2 cells by insulin», Steroids, 1988, 52 (4), p. 339–340.
{8} Silvera S. A. N., Rohan T. E., Jain M., Terry P. D., Howe G., Miller A., «Glycemic index, glycemic load, and pancreatic cancer risk (Canada)», Cancer causes et control, 2005, CCC 16 (4), p. 431–436.
{9} Augustin L. S., Franceschi S., Jenkins D., Kendall C., La Vecchia C., «Glycemic index in chronic disease: A review», European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2002, 56 (11), p. 1049–1071.
{10} Cust A., Slimani N. et al., «Dietary carbohydrates, glycemic index, glycemic load, and endometrial cancer risk within the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition cohort», American Journal of Epidemiology, 2007, 166 (8), p. 912–923.
{11} Larsson S., Bergkvist L., Wolk A., «Glycemic load, glycemic index and breast cancer risk in a prospective cohort of Swedish women», Int. J. Cancer, 2009, 125, p. 153–157.
{12} Lajous M., Boutron-Ruault M. C., Fabre A., Clavel-Chapelon F., Romieu Y., «Carbohydrate intake, glycemic index, glycemic load, and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer in a prospective study of French women», The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2008, 87 (5), p. 1384–1391.
{13} Mulholland H. G., Murray L. J., Cardwell C. R., Cantwell M. M., «Glycemic index, glycemic load, and risk of digestive tract neoplasms: A systematic review and meta-analysis», The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2009, 89 (2), p. 568–576.
{14} Michaud D. S., Fuchs C. S., Liu S., Willett W. C., Colditz G. A., Giovannucci E., «Dietary glycemic load, carbohydrate, sugar, and colorectal cancer risk in men and women», Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, publi? par l’American Association for Cancer Research, 2005, 14 (1), p. 138–147.
{15} Mulholland H. G., Murray L. J., Cardwell C. R., Cantwell M. M., «Glycemic index, glycemic load, and risk of digestive tract neoplasms: A systematic review and meta-analysis», op. cit.
{16} Howarth N. C., Murphy S. P., Wilkens L. R., Henderson B. E., Kolonel L. N., «The association of glycemic load and carbohydrate intake with colorectal cancer risk in the Multiethnic Cohort Study», The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2008, 88 (4), p. 1074–1082.
{17} American Cancer Society, Prevention and Early Detection: Aspartame, 2007. Disponible en ligne sur: http://www.cancer.org/docroot/ PED/content/PED_1_3X_Aspartame.asp (consult? le 17 mars 2010).
{18} Ibid.
{19} Phillips K. M., Carlsen M. H., Blomhoff R., «Total antioxidant content of alternatives to refined sugar», Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 2009, 109 (1), p. 64–71.
{20} AFSSA, Avis de l’Agence fran?aise de s?curit? sanitaire des aliments relatif ? une autorisation provisoire, pour une dur?e de deux ans, d’emploi de st?viol, extraits de Stevia rebaudiana, en tant qu’?dulcorant en alimentation humaine dans le cadre de l’article 5 de la directive 89/107/ CEE, 2007. Disponible sur: http://www.afssa.fr/Documents/ AAAT2006sa0231.pdf (consult? le 25 mars 2010).
{21} Arr?t? du 26 ao?t 2009 relatif ? l’emploi du r?baudioside A (extrait de Stevia rebaudianaj comme additif alimentaire. Disponible sur: http:// www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do?cidTexte=JORFTE XT000021021759 (consult? le 24 mars 2010).
Глава 9
Что известно про напитки?
{1} CNRS, D?couvrir l’eau. L’eau dans l’organisme. Disponible sur: http://www.cnrs.fr/cw/dossiers/doseau/decouv/usages/eauOrga.html (consult? le 17 mars 2010).
{2} OMS, Communiqu? de presse: Selon un nouveau rapport, la r?alisation des cibles en mati?re d’assainissement et d’eau potable serait compromise, 2006. Disponible sur http://www.who.int/mediacentre/ news/releases/2006/pr47/fr/index.html (consult? le 17 mars 2010).
{3} OMS, La Sant? et les services d’approvisionnement en eau de boisson salubre et d’assainissement de base. Disponible sur: http://www.who.int/ water_sanitation_health/mdg1/fr/index.html (consult? le 17 mars 2010).
{4} Direction g?n?rale de la sant?, Bureau de la qualit? des eaux, Bilan de la qualit? de l’eau au robinet du consommateur vis-?-vis des pesticides en 2008, 2008. Disponible sur: http://www.sante-sports.gouv.fr/IMG/ pdf/bilannational_pesticides_2008.pdf (consult? le 17 mars 2010).
{5} Ibid.
{6} OMS, L’Arsenic dans l’eau de boisson, 2001. Disponible sur http:// www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/mdg1/fr/index.html (consult? le 17 mars 2010).
{7} Ibid.
{8} World Cancer Research Fund, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective, op. cit.
{9} S?nat, Rapport de l’OPECST, n° 2152 (2002–2003) de M. G?rard Miquel, fait au nom de l’Office parlementaire d’?valuation des choix scient. tech., d?pos? le 18 mars 2003. La Qualit? de l’eau et assainissement en France. Annexe 63. L’arsenic dans les eaux de boisson. Disponible sur: http://www.senat.fr/rap/l02-215-2/l02-215-256.html#toc124 (consult? le 17 mars 2010).
{10} Ibid.
{11} Centre international de recherche sur le cancer, Evaluations globales de la canc?rog?nicit? pour l’Homme. Disponible sur: http://monographs. iarc.fr/FR/Classification/crthall.php (consult? le 07/03/2010).
{12} DGS, R?sultats du contr?le sanitaire de la qualit? de l’eau potable, 2009. Disponible sur: http://www.sante-sports.gouv.fr/resultats-du-controle-sanitaire-de-la-qualite-de-l-eau-potable.html (consult? le 17 mars 2010).
{13} Ibid.
{14} Institut national du cancer, Alcool et risque de cancer, 2007. Disponible sur: http://www.e-cancer.fr/la-sante-publique/prevention/ alcoolisme (consult? le 17 mars 2010).
{15} Haut Conseil du minist?re de la Sant?, Avis relatif aux recommandations sanitaires en mati?re de consommation d’alcool, 2009. Disponible sur: http://www.hcsp.fr/docspdf/avisrapports/hcspa20090701_alcool.pdf (consult? le 17 mars 2010).
{16} World Cancer Research Fund, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective, op. cit.
{17} Ibid.
{18} Fakhry C., Gillison M. L., «Clinical implications of human papillomavirus in head and neck cancers», J. Clin. Oncol., 2006, 24 (17), p. 2606–2611.
{19} World Cancer Research Fund, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective, op. cit.
{20} Ibid.
{21} Ibid.
{22} Haut Conseil du minist?re de la Sant?, Avis relatif aux recommandations sanitaires en mati?re de consommation d’alcool, op.cit.
{23} Sun W., Wang W., Kim J., Keng P., Yang S., Zhang H., Liu C., Okunieff P., Zhang L., «Anticancer effect of resveratrol is associated with induction of apoptosis via a mitochondrial pathway alignent», Adv. Exp. Med. Biol., 2008, 614, p. 179–186.
{24} Aprifel, R?le b?n?fique des polyph?nols et du resv?ratrol du vin, 2001. Disponible sur: http://www.aprifel.com/articles-sante,detail. php?m=3&rub=54&a =769 (consult? le 17 mars 2010).
{25} Adrian et al., Am. J. Enol. Viti c., 2000, 51, p. 37–41.
{26} Renaud S., Lorgeril M. de, «Wine, alcohol, platelets, and the French paradox for coronary heart disease», Lancet, 1992, 339 (8808), p. 1523–1526.
{27} Brisdelli F., D’Andrea G., Bozzi A., «Resveratrol: A natural polyphenol with multiple chemopreventive properties», Curr. Drug Metab., 2009, 10 (6), p. 530–546.
{28} Athar M., Back J. H., Kopelovich L., Bickers D. R., Kim A. L., «Multiple molecular targets of resveratrol: Anti-carcinogenic mechanisms», Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 2009, 486 (2), p. 95—102.
{29} Yusuf N., Nasti T. H., Meleth S., «Elmets CA. Resveratrol enhances cellmediated immune response to DMBA through TLR4 and prevents DMBA induced cutaneous carcinogenesis», Mol. Carcinog., 2009, 48 (8), p. 713–723.
{30} Seeni A., Takahashi S., Takeshita K., Tang M., Sugiura S., Sato S. Y., Shirai T., «Suppression of prostate cancer growth by resveratrol in the transgenic rat for adenocarcinoma of prostate (TRAP) model», Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev., 2008, 9 (1), p. 7—14.
{31} Sengottuvelan M., Deeptha K., Nalini N., «Influence of dietary resveratrol on early and late molecular markers of 1,2-dimethylhydrazineinduced colon carcinogenesis», Nutrition, 2009, 25 (11–12), p. 1169–1176.
{32} Ding X. Z., Adrian T. E., «Resveratrol inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in human pancreatic cancer cells», Pancreas, 2002, 25 (4), p. 71–76.
{33} Woodall C. E., Li Y., Liu Q. H., Wo J., Martin R. C., «Chemoprevention of metaplasia initiation and carcinogenic progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma by resveratrol supplementation», Anticancer Drugs, 2009, 20 (6), p. 437–443.
{34} AFSSA, «Table CIQUAL 2008», op. cit.
{35} Direction g?n?rale de la Sant?, Cancer de la peau. M?lanome, 2003. Disponible sur: http://www.sante.gouv.fr/htm/dossiers/losp/34cancer_ peau.pdf (consult? le 18 mars 2010).
{36} AFSSET, FAQ Rayonnement ultraviolet. Disponible sur: http:// www.afsset.fr/index.php?pageid=634 & parentid=265&ongletlstid=427 (consult? le 17 mars 2010).
{37} Sayre R. M., Dowdy J. C., «The increase in melanoma: are dietary furocoumarins responsable?», Med Hypotheses, 2008, 70 (4), p. 855–859.
{38} Feskanich D., Willett W. C., Hunter D. J., Colditz G. A., «Dietary intakes of vitamins A, C, and E and risk of melanoma in two cohorts of women», Br. J. Cancer, 2003, 88 (9), p. 1381–1387.
{39} Malik A., Afaq F., Sarfaraz S., Adhami V. M., Syed D. N., Mukhtar H., «Pomegranate fruit juice for chemoprevention and chemotherapy of prostate cancer», Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 2005, 102 (41), p. 14813—14818.
{40} Pantuck A. J., Leppert J. T., Zomorodian N., Aronson W., Hong J., Barnard R. J., Seeram N., Liker H., Wang H., Elashoff R., Heber D., Aviram M., Ignarro L., Belldegrun A., «Phase II study of pomegranate juice for men with rising prostate-specific antigen following surgery or radiation for prostate cancer», Clin. Cancer Res., 2006, 12 (13), p. 4018–4026.
{41} Zhang Y., Seeram N. P., Heber D., Chen S., Adams L. S., «Pomegranate ellagitannin-derived compounds exhibit antiproliferative and antiaromatase activity in breast cancer cells in vitro», Cancer Prev. Res. (Phila Pa), 2010, 3 (1), p. 108–113.
{42} Khan G. N., Gorin M. A., Rosenthal D., Pan Q., Bao L. W., Wu Z. F., Newman R. A., Pawlus A. D., Yang P., Lansky E. P., Merajver S. D., «Pomegranate fruit extract impairs invasion and motility in human breast cancer», Integr. Cancer Ther., 2009, 8 (3), p. 242–253.
{43} Seeram N. P. et al., «In vitro antiproliferative, apoptotic and antioxidant activities of punicalagin, ellagic acid and a total pomegranate tannin extract are enhanced in combination with other polyphenols as found in pomegranate juice», J. Nutr. Biochem., 2005, 16 (6), p. 360–367.
{44} Gil M. I., Tom?s-Barber?n F. A., Hess-Pierce B., Holcroft D. M., Kader A. A., «Antioxidant activity of pomegranate juice and its relationship with phenolic composition and processing», J. Agric. Food Chem., 2000, 48 (10), p. 4581–4589.
{45} Khan N., Afaq F., Kweon M. H., Kim K., Mukhtar H., «Oral consumption of pomegranate fruit extract inhibits growth and progression of primary lung tumors in mice», Cancer Res, 2007, 67 (7), p. 3475–3482.
{46} Gil M. I., Tom?s-Barber?n F. A., Hess-Pierce B., Holcroft D. M., Kader A. A., «Antioxidant activity of pomegranate juice and its relationship with phenolic composition and processing», op. cit.
{47} Khan N., Afaq F., Kweon M. H., Kim K., Mukhtar H. «Oral consumption of pomegranate fruit extract inhibits growth and progression of primary lung tumors in mice», Cancer Res, 2007, 67 (7), p. 3475–3482.
{48} Pantuck A. J., Leppert J. T., Zomorodian N., Aronson W., Hong J., Barnard R. J., Seeram N., Liker H., Wang H., Elashoff R., Heber D., Aviram M., Ignarro L., Belldegrun A., «Phase II study of pomegranate juice for men with rising prostate-specific antigen following surgery or radiation for prostate cancer», Clin. Cancer Res., 2006, 2 (13), p. 4018–4026.
{49} Gil M. I., Tom?s-Barber?n F. A., Hess-Pierce B., Holcroft D. M., Kader A. A., «Antioxidant activity of pomegranate juice and its relationship with phenolic composition and processing», op. cit.
{50} MacMahon B., Yen S., Trichopoulos D., Warren K., Nardi G. «Coffee and cancer of the pancreas», N. Engl. J. Med., 1981, 304 (11), p. 630–633.
{51} Nkondjock A., «Coffee consumption and the risk of cancer: An overview», Cancer Lett., 2008, 277 (2), p. 121–125.
{52} World Cancer Research Fund, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective, op. cit.
{53} Pelucchi C., Tavani A., La Vecchia C., «Coffee and alcohol consumption and bladder cancer», Scand. J. Urol. Nephrol., 2008, 218, suppl., p. 37–44.
{54} Baker J. A., Beehler G. P., Sawant A. C., Jayaprakash V., Mc-Cann S. E., Moysich K. B., «Consumption of coffee, but not black tea, is associated with decreased risk of premenopausal breast cancer», J. Nutr., 2006, 136 (1), p. 166–171.
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